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Essential for all authors of manga: the screentones. Sometimes hard to find, here is a small summary of resources on the internet ...
(original journal here > bakenekogirl.deviantart.com/jo…)
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“ Screentone ( or Halftone ) is a technique for applying textures and shades to drawings, used as an alternative to hatching. In the conventional process, patterns are transferred to paper from preprinted sheets, but the technique is also simulated in computer graphics. It is also known by the common brand names Zip-A-Tone (1937, now defunct), Chart-Pak (1949), and Letratone (1966, from Letraset). ”
A traditional screentone sheet consists of a flexible transparent backing, the printed texture, and a wax adhesive layer. The sheet is applied to the paper, adhesive down, and rubbed with a stylus on the backing side. The backing is then peeled off, leaving the ink adhered to the paper where pressure was applied.A screentone saves an artist's time by allowing quick application of textures to line art where a hand-shaded area would not be reproduced in a timely or acceptable manner. Much like halftone, the size and spacing of black dots, lines, or hatches determine how light or dark an area will appear. Visual artists need to take into account how much an image will be reduced when prepared for publication when choosing the pitch of a screentone. Screentones can also be layered to produce interference patterns such as moire effects, or to simulate multiple sources of shadow in an image. Different styles of screentone exist, variously intended to depict clothing, clouds, emotions, backgrounds, gradients and even objects such as trees. While the sheets are most commonly produced with black ink, there are also varieties in solid and patterned colors.Screentones can also be modified by lightly scratching the backing with an X-Acto blade to produce starbursts and other special effects.
Screentones are widely used by illustrators and artists, especially for cartoons and advertising. Use of the original medium has been declining since the advent of graphics software and desktop publishing, but it is still used, for example, by some Japanese Manga authors (Deleter and Maxon are common names within this specialty). While computer graphics software provides a variety of alternatives to screentone, its appearance is still frequently simulated, to achieve consistency with earlier work or avoid the stereotypical appearance of computer-generated images. It is sometimes accomplished by scanning actual screentone sheets, but original vector or bitmap screen patterns are also used.
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Digital halftoning has been replacing photographic halftoning since the 1970s when "electronic dot generators" were developed for the film recorder units linked to color drum scanners made by companies such as Crosfield Electronics, Hell and Linotype-Paul. In the 1980s halftoning became available in the new generation of imagesetter film and paper recorders that had been developed from earlier 'laser typesetters'. Unlike pure scanners or pure typesetters, imagesetters could generate all the elements in a page including type, photographs and other graphic objects. Early examples were the widely used Linotype Linotronic 300 and 100 introduced in 1984, which were also the first to offer PostScript RIPs in 1985.Early laser printers from the late 1970s onward could also generate halftones but their original 300 dpi resolution limited the screen ruling to about 65 lpi. This was improved as higher resolutions of 600 dpi and above, and dithering techniques, were introduced. All halftoning uses a high frequency/low frequency dichotomy. In photographic halftoning, the low frequency attribute is a local area of the output image designated a halftone cell. Each equal-sized cell relates to a corresponding area (size and location) of the continuous-tone input image. Within each cell, the high frequency attribute is a centered variable-sized halftone dot composed of ink or toner. The ratio of the inked area to the non-inked area of the output cell corresponds
to the luminance or graylevel of the input cell. From a suitable distance, the human eye averages both the high frequency apparent gray level approximated by the ratio within the cell and the low frequency apparent changes in gray level between adjacent equally-spaced cells and centered dots. Digital halftoning uses a raster image or bitmap within which each monochrome picture element or pixel may be on or off, ink or no ink. Consequently, to emulate the photographic halftone cell, the digital halftone cell must contain groups of monochrome pixels within the same-sized cell area. The fixed location and size of these monochrome pixels compromises the high frequency/low frequency dichotomy of the photographic halftone method. Clustered multi-pixel dots
cannot "grow" incrementally but in jumps of one whole pixel. In addition, the placement of that pixel is slightly off-center. To minimize this compromise, the digital halftone monochrome pixels must be quite small, numbering from 600 to 2,540, or more, pixels per inch. However, digital image processing has also enabled more sophisticated dithering algorithms to decide which pixels to turn black or white, some of which yield better results than digital halftoning.
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Typical resolution of screentonesThe resolution of a halftone screen is measured in lines per inch (lpi). This is the number of lines of dots in one inch, measured parallel with the screen's angle. Known as the screen ruling, the resolution of a screen is written either with the suffix lpi or a hash mark; for example, "150 lpi" or "150#." The higher the pixel resolution of a source file, the greater the detail that can be reproduced. However, such increase also requires a corresponding increase in screen ruling or the output will suffer from posterization. Therefore file resolution is matched to the output resolution.
Screen Printing 45–65 lpi
Laser Printer (300dpi) 65 lpi
Laser Printer (600dpi) 85–105 lpi
Offset Press (newsprint paper) 85 lpi
Offset Press (coated paper) 85–185 lpi
( Wikipedia original context: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screento… )
More explanations > www.dtp-aus.com/hlftone.htm---------------------------------------------------------------------
1st choice, Buy on internet.- Software -
Photoshop > see tutorial and brush
Manga Studio > is aimed at designers manga. The interface of Manga Studio is located in the line of Illustrator. The software multiplies the tool palettes. He offers many features: management layers, converting bitmap drawings in vector mode, multiple tools, brushes or effects, a wide selection of models of pages, and several features to work faster (scripts, use of several instances of the same design ...)
Manga Studio ($) > my.smithmicro.com/win/manga/in…Powertone > is made by the same company made Manga studio. It is a filter plug-in for Photoshop and ComicStudio 2.0, so you can tone your page in Photoshop. Though the tone is not vector base, if you mess up, you have to retone it all over again. Powertone only work in Japanese OS. To use it, either you have a Japanese computer, or set your computer to Japanese mode.
If you own Manga Studio 3 EX, the powertone is come in free as bonus plug-in (Inside install disk 3. It change name to computone in English version.) The free computone only work as filter under Manga Studio, and it can't work in Photoshop. It's different from the tone insdie Manga Studio tone menu. In extra computertone filter, you can set the tone to white ink color instead of only black.
Powertone ( Japanese Site $) > www.celsys.co.jp/products/pt/i…- Screentones ready for use -
Letraset Manga ($) > www.letraset.com/ ( This is an ideal introduction for Screentone novices! CD and print. ) antarctic-press.com ($) > www.antarctic-press.com/html/v… AKA ($) > www.akadot.com/categories.php?… Maxon ( Japanese Site $) > www.e-maxon.com/ Deleter ( Japanese Site $) > www.deleter.jp/There are plenty of other ...
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2nd choice, Freeware on internet.- Software -
Pixia, the original Japanese Edition was created and developed by the author, Isao Maruoka, but has also been aggressively raised by its fans, which makes this software to be quite unique and different from other tools.
"Pixia" > www.ne.jp/asahi/mighty/knight/Texture Processor is a program for creating various textures. He allows to get practically unlimited quantity of complex textures.
"Texture Processor" > www.softpedia.com/get/Multimed…The Rasterbator is a software ( Online or Downloadable ) that allows creation of large halftone type posters
"The Rasterbator" > homokaasu.org/rasterbator/&nbs…;- Screentones ready for use in Devianart -
The links below include free screentone, but the use of some requires a permit! In DA > browse.deviantart.com/?qh=&sec…
> bakenekogirl.deviantart.com/ga… 
> pinkcamellia.deviantart.com/ga…
> screentones.deviantart.com/ 
> shimmen-iero.deviantart.com/ga…
> nirakone.deviantart.com/galler… 
> kyouyatsu.deviantart.com/art/S… kyouyatsu.deviantart.com/art/S…
> jekylnhyde.deviantart.com/gall… 
> amegoddess.deviantart.com/art/…
> skybase.deviantart.com/gallery… 
> wyldflowa.deviantart.com/art/H…
> debi-chiru.deviantart.com/gall… 
> debh945.deviantart.com/gallery…
kabocha.deviantart.com/gallery…- Screentones ready for use in internet -
Chotto.art.coocan > chotto.art.coocan.jp/tone-.htm… Aya's tone book > gui.walraven.org/screentone/ Screentones > psychobob.xepher.net/screenton… Computer screentones > www.geocities.com/kiraseldon/s… Japenese Tones > www.f-child.jp/mp/file/pc/soza… SCOF Kurse > www.scof.keepfree.de/basteldow… Fillamanga > fillamanga.netfirms.com/screen… Milano Aoyama > www.geocities.co.jp/Milano-Aoy… Photoshop patterns > haruusagi.gozaru.jp/NewFiles/p… Yokohama Patterns > yokohama.cool.ne.jp/alisato/ch… Screen Tones > saisaibatake.ame-zaiku.com/scr… Screentones Depot > www.mangatutorials.com/tut/scr…
> shounenaigo.comicgenesis.com/t…
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3rd choice, Tutorial and other for create your screentone.There are also a lot of tutorial on the Internet:
In DA > browse.deviantart.com/?qh=&sec… In Google > www.google.fr/search?sourceid=… Create your screentones with Manga Studio > bakenekogirl.deviantart.com/ar… Halftone Screens and Dots > www.dtp-aus.com/hlftone.htm Video tutorial for Photoshop > video.google.fr/videosearch?rl… Learn to create halftone shading with Adobe Photoshop > www.melissaclifton.com/tutoria… An Easy Method for Making Custom Halftones in Photoshop > www.digitalartform.com/archive…---------------------------------------------------------------------
4th choice, Other methodsA sheet of paper, pencil, scanner and let's go! With a little imagination you can find it.
- the white ink -
- Painting Pad -
MID APRIL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Hey everyone!
I know it’s been awhile since I’ve posted a journal but I want to clear up some stuff.
Member’s artwork goes into the members artwork folder! I’ve been seeing things being submitted to incorrect folders and these will be declined unless they fit into the guidelines of those folders. (IE tutorials in tutorials, etc.)
Another thing is while we allow some suggestive art, we go NOT allow full nudity or explicit acts. This is a group for all ages, I hope you understand!
Hey everyone!
Hi everyone, Hani here!
It's been awhile since I've updated this group and I'd just like you all to know that I'm very busy and it's been a little rough trying to run this group but I'm doing my best! We're going to be opening positions for active and friendly mods with some time to spare! I will post a journal asap with a google forum for interested parties to sign up for. I ask that the people who sign up are 17+ and have previous experience to help out! Thank you so much, I hope to be able to fix things up shortly!
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Hey everyone, I've added a folded specifically for members to post their own artwork to! Let me know if you're able to submit to it. Thanks!
Also, please comment on what kind of tutorial you'd like to see next!
New folder for all member's work!
There's been a LOOOOOT of submissions to the wrong folders because we've had no folder in our actual group outside favorites for our member's artwork that doesn't ave to do with tutorials and all that so I added one for you to add your personal artwork to.
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holy... just found this (two years later...) but wanted to say its awesome - thanks for the post